A closing argument is the last chance each side has to talk to the jury before deliberations begin. The prosecution argues for conviction, the defense argues for acquittal, and both sides try to make sense of the evidence the jury has heard.
How Closing Arguments Work in California
In California, closing arguments are governed by Penal Code § 1093 and the Rules of Court. The prosecution argues first, the defense follows, and the prosecution gets a final rebuttal because it carries the burden of proof. Attorneys may comment on the evidence and reasonable inferences from it, but they cannot misstate the law, vouch personally for witnesses, or argue facts not in evidence — and a strong defense closing ties everything to the beyond a reasonable doubt standard.
Related Legal Terms
Closing arguments are part of the broader trial sequence that includes opening statement, cross-examination, and the jury’s deliberations toward a verdict — all central to our criminal defense and DUI defense practice.
Heading to Trial in California?
The right closing argument can change a verdict. Call for a free consultation.
